最近幾天在整理公司服務器系統架構信息，其中一項是監聽端口及對應服務的整理。通過端口號可以找到對應的進程(及父进程)，再通过父进程ID找到对应的服务。

Comparsion

主要使用到的命令有ss、netstat、ps

在不同版本的CentOS Minimal中，命令是否預裝

OS ss netstat ps
CentOS6.8 No Yes Yes
CentOS7 No No Yes

命令分屬於不同的套件

Package Commands
iproute ip, rtmon, ss
net-tools ifconfig, netstat, route
procps-ng ps, free, skill, pkill, pgrep, snice, tload, top, uptime, vmstat, w, watch, pwdx

套件是否預安裝在CentOS Minimal中

OS net-tools iproute procps-ng
CentOS6.8 Yes No No
CentOS7 No No Yes

以下是對套件的介紹，通過命令yum info即可查看

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Name        : iproute
Arch        : x86_64
Version     : 3.10.0
Release     : 54.el7_2.1
Size        : 526 k
Repo        : updates/7/x86_64
Summary     : Advanced IP routing and network device configuration tools
URL         : http://kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/net/iproute2/
License     : GPLv2+ and Public Domain
Description : The iproute package contains networking utilities (ip and rtmon,
            : for example) which are designed to use the advanced networking
            : capabilities of the Linux 2.4.x and 2.6.x kernel.


Name        : net-tools
Arch        : x86_64
Version     : 2.0
Release     : 0.17.20131004git.el7
Size        : 304 k
Repo        : base/7/x86_64
Summary     : Basic networking tools
URL         : http://sourceforge.net/projects/net-tools/
License     : GPLv2+
Description : The net-tools package contains basic networking tools,
            : including ifconfig, netstat, route, and others.
            : Most of them are obsolete. For replacement check iproute package.


Name        : procps-ng
Arch        : i686
Version     : 3.3.10
Release     : 5.el7_2
Size        : 282 k
Repo        : updates/7/x86_64
Summary     : System and process monitoring utilities
URL         : https://sourceforge.net/projects/procps-ng/
License     : GPL+ and GPLv2 and GPLv2+ and GPLv3+ and LGPLv2+
Description : The procps package contains a set of system utilities that provide
            : system information. Procps includes ps, free, skill, pkill, pgrep,
            : snice, tload, top, uptime, vmstat, w, watch and pwdx. The ps
            : command displays a snapshot of running processes. The top command
            : provides a repetitive update of the statuses of running processes.
            : The free command displays the amounts of free and used memory on
            : your system. The skill command sends a terminate command (or
            : another specified signal) to a specified set of processes. The
            : snice command is used to change the scheduling priority of
            : specified processes. The tload command prints a graph of the
            : current system load average to a specified tty. The uptime command
            : displays the current time, how long the system has been running,
            : how many users are logged on, and system load averages for the
            : past one, five, and fifteen minutes. The w command displays a list
            : of the users who are currently logged on and what they are
            : running. The watch program watches a running program. The vmstat
            : command displays virtual memory statistics about processes,
            : memory, paging, block I/O, traps, and CPU activity. The pwdx
            : command reports the current working directory of a process or
            : processes.

故而需要先安裝相關套件

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#CentOS6.x Minimal
sudo yum install -y iproute procps-ng

#CentOS7.x Minimal
sudo yum install -y net-tools iproute

Shell Script

該腳本用於獲取系統正在被監聽的端口及調用對應端口的進程、應用。Shell腳本代碼託管在GitLab。

使用方式如下

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# curl -fsL / wget -qO-

# if need help, specify '-h'
wget -qO- https://gitlab.com/Maxdong/axd-ShellScript/blob/master/assets/gnulinux/gnuLinuxPortUsedInfoDetection.sh | bash -s --

Analysis

通過lsof命令獲取指定端口的進程id(pid)，對數據的處理主要是通過awk、sed命令。

  1. 使用awk可更改數據展現形式
  2. 使用sed可從目標字符串中提取指定字符串，如
1

sed -r '[email protected]*Djava.util.logging.config.file=(.*)/conf(.*)@\[email protected]'

參數解釋

  • -r： 使用正則 use extended regular expressions in the script
  • s： 替換 substitute
  • .*: 正則最小匹配(非貪婪匹配)
  • \1: 指代之前的(.*)的內容，即要提取的內容

Usage

使用實例

Example 1

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[email protected]:~$ bash /tmp/portcheck.sh
Sorry, This Script Need root or sudo Privileges！
[email protected]:~$ sudo !!
sudo bash /tmp/portcheck.sh
port     pid        service          servicePath                             
25       2018       exim4            /usr/sbin/exim4                         
68       1628       dhclient         /sbin/dhclient                          
80       6523       nginx            /usr/sbin/nginx                         
111      624        rpcbind          /sbin/rpcbind                           
123      752        chronyd          /usr/sbin/chronyd                       
323      752        chronyd          /usr/sbin/chronyd                       
631      769        cupsd            /usr/sbin/cupsd                         
631      774        cupsd            /usr/sbin/cups-browsed                  
799      624        rpcbind          /sbin/rpcbind                           
810      634        rpc.statd        /sbin/rpc.statd                         
1900     720        minissdpd        /usr/sbin/minissdpd                     
3306     1588       mysqld           /usr/sbin/mysqld                        
5353     673        avahi-daemon     avahi-daemon                            
5433     1540       postgres         /usr/lib/postgresql/9.6/bin/postgres    
10539    1628       dhclient         /sbin/dhclient                          
33524    673        avahi-daemon     avahi-daemon                            
34069    634        rpc.statd        /sbin/rpc.statd                         
38474    522        systemd-timesyn  /lib/systemd/systemd-timesyncd          
42221    634        rpc.statd        /sbin/rpc.statd                         
48296    634        rpc.statd        /sbin/rpc.statd                         
50117    673        avahi-daemon     avahi-daemon                            
50842    1628       dhclient         /sbin/dhclient                          
52959    634        rpc.statd        /sbin/rpc.statd                         
[email protected]:~$

Example2

開發測試環境

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[[email protected] /tmp]
#bash test.sh
port     pid        service          servicePath                             
22       13267      sshd             /usr/sbin/sshd                          
80       7406       nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-lgwx
80       16982      nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-user
80       29586      nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-user-web
80       9246       nginx            nginx                                   
80       22538      nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-pmon    
80       30431      nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-web-push-server
80       3875       nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-order
80       15373      nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-business-web
80       5784       nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-baseserver
80       30154      nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-weixin
80       29355      nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-sgm-dealer
80       28999      nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-sgm-pay
80       24198      nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-customer-server
80       352        nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-provider
443      6760       nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-weixin
443      9246       nginx            nginx                                   
443      30154      nginx            /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-weixin
2181     13333      java             /usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.6              
6000     29355      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-sgm-dealer
6001     29355      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-sgm-dealer
6002     28999      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-sgm-pay
6003     28999      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-sgm-pay
6004     29272      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-sgm-admin
6005     29272      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-sgm-admin
6391     4370       redis-server     /usr/local/redis-push/src/redis-server  
6392     4346       redis-server     /usr/local/redis/src/redis-server       
7000     352        java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-provider
7001     352        java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-provider
7004     30154      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-weixin
7005     30154      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-weixin
7006     17725      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-admin
7007     17725      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-admin
7008     20053      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-interface
7009     20053      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-interface
7010     31733      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-website
7011     31733      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-website
7012     28306      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-business-web
7013     28306      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-business-web
7014     28833      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-deer-user-provider
7015     28833      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-deer-user-provider
7050     15373      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-business-web
7051     15373      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-business-web
7052     28293      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-finance
7053     28293      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-finance
7056     16982      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-user
7057     16982      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-user
7060     3875       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-order
7061     3875       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-order
7062     29586      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-user-web
7063     29586      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-user-web
7064     6760       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-weixin
7065     6760       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-weixin
7068     31595      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-user-mobile
7069     31595      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-user-mobile
7070     28129      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-driver
7071     28129      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-driver
7072     4645       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-chargestation
7073     4645       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-chargestation
7074     28951      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-pc-dispatch
7075     28951      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-pc-dispatch
7076     7406       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-lgwx
7077     7406       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-lgwx
7078     29068      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-carm
7079     29068      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-carm
7080     14266      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-provider
7081     14266      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-provider
7082     28912      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-shorturl
7083     28912      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-shorturl
8000     10321      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-routing
8001     10321      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-routing
8002     30431      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-web-push-server
8003     30431      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-web-push-server
8006     19500      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-pushts  
8007     19500      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-pushts  
8008     30905      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-base-admin
8009     30905      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-base-admin
8012     14001      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/jetty-webpush-connect
8014     5784       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-baseserver
8015     5784       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-baseserver
8016     24198      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-customer-server
8017     24198      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-customer-server
8899     19500      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-pushts  
17062    29586      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-user-web
20880    352        java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-provider
20882    28833      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-deer-user-provider
27076    7406       java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flycar-lgwx
28899    352        java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-flybus-provider
50000    22538      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-pmon    
50001    22538      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-pmon    
50002    22538      java             /usr/local/webmiddleware/tomcat-pmon    
53259    13333      java             /usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.6              

[[email protected] /tmp]
#

Change Logs

  • 2016.08.10 17:50 Wed Asia/Shanghai
    • 初稿完成
  • 2016.11.01 10：04 Tue Asia/Shanghai
    • Shell腳本修改，添加$UID權限判斷
  • 2016.12.29 17:33 Thu Asia/Shanghai
    • Shell Script代碼重構
  • 2016.01.04 11:21 Wed Asia/Shanghai
    • awk版本提取代碼修改以兼容Debian系統
  • 2017.02.03 12:08 Fri America/Boston
    • 添加lsof命令是否存在的判斷、取消PPID判斷(Debian Jessie 8.7)
  • 2017.02.27 18:40 Mon Asia/Shanghai
    • 代碼重構，改用-tuanp指令提取端口
  • 2017.04.07 14:43 Fri Asia/Shanghai
    • 代碼優化，在while循環中使用IFS，read -r，優化awk檢測代碼
  • 2019.04.29 10:16 Mon America/Boston
    • 勘誤，遷移到新Blog